📘 Verbs (গুরুত্বপূর্ণ Verb)
A verb is a word that shows an action or a state. Every verb has four forms: V1, V2, V3 and V4.Verb হলো যে শব্দ কোনো কাজ বা অবস্থা বোঝায়। প্রতিটি verb-এর চারটি রূপ আছে: V1, V2, V3 ও V4।
The four formsচারটি রূপ
| Form · রূপ | Name · নাম | Used in · ব্যবহার | Example · উদাহরণ |
|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | Base formমূল রূপ | Present Indefinite, Future, after do/did/willPresent Indefinite, Future এবং do/did/will-এর পরে | I go to school.আমি স্কুলে যাই। |
| V2 | Past formঅতীত রূপ | Past Indefinite | I went to school.আমি স্কুলে গিয়েছিলাম। |
| V3 | Past participleঅতীত কৃদন্ত | Perfect tenses and Passive voicePerfect Tense ও Passive Voice | I have gone to school.আমি স্কুলে গিয়েছি। |
| V4 | Present participle (V-ing) | Continuous tensesContinuous Tense | I am going to school.আমি স্কুলে যাচ্ছি। |
⚖️ Regular vs Irregular verbsRegular ও Irregular Verb-এর পার্থক্য
| Point · বিষয় | Regular | Irregular |
|---|---|---|
| V2 / V3 formV2 / V3 রূপ | Add -ed to V1V1-এর সাথে -ed যুক্ত হয় | Changes in its own wayনিজস্ব নিয়মে পরিবর্তিত হয় |
| Exampleউদাহরণ | play – played – played (খেলা) | go – went – gone (যাওয়া) |
| Learningশেখার উপায় | One rule is enoughএকটি নিয়মই যথেষ্ট | Must be memorisedমুখস্থ করতে হয় |
Important verbs listগুরুত্বপূর্ণ Verb-এর তালিকা
70 verbs
| # | V1 (Base) | V2 (Past) | V3 (Past Participle) | V4 (V-ing) | বাংলা অর্থ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | was/were | been | being | হওয়া |
| 2 | go | went | gone | going | যাওয়া |
| 3 | come | came | come | coming | আসা |
| 4 | do | did | done | doing | করা |
| 5 | have | had | had | having | আছে / থাকা |
| 6 | make | made | made | making | তৈরি করা |
| 7 | take | took | taken | taking | নেওয়া |
| 8 | give | gave | given | giving | দেওয়া |
| 9 | get | got | got | getting | পাওয়া |
| 10 | see | saw | seen | seeing | দেখা |
| 11 | know | knew | known | knowing | জানা |
| 12 | say | said | said | saying | বলা |
| 13 | tell | told | told | telling | জানানো |
| 14 | speak | spoke | spoken | speaking | কথা বলা |
| 15 | write | wrote | written | writing | লেখা |
| 16 | read | read | read | reading | পড়া |
| 17 | eat | ate | eaten | eating | খাওয়া |
| 18 | drink | drank | drunk | drinking | পান করা |
| 19 | sleep | slept | slept | sleeping | ঘুমানো |
| 20 | sit | sat | sat | sitting | বসা |
| 21 | stand | stood | stood | standing | দাঁড়ানো |
| 22 | run | ran | run | running | দৌড়ানো |
| 23 | swim | swam | swum | swimming | সাঁতার কাটা |
| 24 | fly | flew | flown | flying | ওড়া |
| 25 | sing | sang | sung | singing | গান গাওয়া |
| 26 | begin | began | begun | beginning | শুরু করা |
| 27 | break | broke | broken | breaking | ভাঙা |
| 28 | bring | brought | brought | bringing | আনা |
| 29 | buy | bought | bought | buying | কেনা |
| 30 | sell | sold | sold | selling | বিক্রি করা |
| 31 | build | built | built | building | নির্মাণ করা |
| 32 | catch | caught | caught | catching | ধরা |
| 33 | choose | chose | chosen | choosing | বেছে নেওয়া |
| 34 | cut | cut | cut | cutting | কাটা |
| 35 | draw | drew | drawn | drawing | আঁকা |
| 36 | drive | drove | driven | driving | চালানো |
| 37 | fall | fell | fallen | falling | পড়ে যাওয়া |
| 38 | feel | felt | felt | feeling | অনুভব করা |
| 39 | find | found | found | finding | খুঁজে পাওয়া |
| 40 | forget | forgot | forgotten | forgetting | ভুলে যাওয়া |
| 41 | grow | grew | grown | growing | বেড়ে ওঠা |
| 42 | hear | heard | heard | hearing | শোনা |
| 43 | hit | hit | hit | hitting | আঘাত করা |
| 44 | hold | held | held | holding | ধরে রাখা |
| 45 | keep | kept | kept | keeping | রাখা |
| 46 | lead | led | led | leading | নেতৃত্ব দেওয়া |
| 47 | learn | learnt/learned | learnt/learned | learning | শেখা |
| 48 | leave | left | left | leaving | ছেড়ে যাওয়া |
| 49 | lend | lent | lent | lending | ধার দেওয়া |
| 50 | let | let | let | letting | অনুমতি দেওয়া |
| 51 | lose | lost | lost | losing | হারানো |
| 52 | mean | meant | meant | meaning | বোঝানো |
| 53 | meet | met | met | meeting | দেখা করা |
| 54 | pay | paid | paid | paying | মূল্য পরিশোধ করা |
| 55 | put | put | put | putting | রাখা |
| 56 | ride | rode | ridden | riding | চড়া |
| 57 | rise | rose | risen | rising | ওঠা |
| 58 | send | sent | sent | sending | পাঠানো |
| 59 | spend | spent | spent | spending | খরচ করা |
| 60 | teach | taught | taught | teaching | শেখানো |
| 61 | think | thought | thought | thinking | ভাবা |
| 62 | throw | threw | thrown | throwing | ছোড়া |
| 63 | understand | understood | understood | understanding | বোঝা |
| 64 | wake | woke | woken | waking | জাগা |
| 65 | wear | wore | worn | wearing | পরা |
| 66 | win | won | won | winning | জেতা |
| 67 | play | played | played | playing | খেলা |
| 68 | work | worked | worked | working | কাজ করা |
| 69 | study | studied | studied | studying | অধ্যয়ন করা |
| 70 | help | helped | helped | helping | সাহায্য করা |
📌 Important Notesগুরুত্বপূর্ণ নোট
- -ing spelling: make → making (drop e), run → running (double the consonant), lie → lying.-ing যোগের বানান: make → making (e বাদ যায়), run → running (শেষ ব্যঞ্জন দ্বিত্ব), lie → lying।
- -ed spelling: study → studied (y → ied), stop → stopped.-ed যোগের বানান: study → studied (y → ied), stop → stopped।
- 'read' is spelt the same in V1, V2 and V3, but V2 and V3 are pronounced 'red'.'read'-এর V1, V2, V3 বানান একই, কিন্তু V2 ও V3-এর উচ্চারণ 'red'।
- Some verbs have two accepted forms: learn – learnt/learned.কিছু verb-এর দুটি গ্রহণযোগ্য রূপ আছে: learn – learnt/learned।
- Here V4 means V-ing. Some books use V4 for V1 + s/es.এখানে V4 মানে V-ing। কিছু বইয়ে V4 মানে V1 + s/es।